CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2024

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Land Degradation.

The pressure on agricultural land increases not only due to the limited availability but also by deterioration of quality of agricultural land. Soil erosion, waterlogging, salinisation and alkalinisation of land lead to land degradation. What happens if land is consistently used without managing its fertility ? Land is degraded and productivity declines. Land degradation is generally understood either as a temporary or a permanent decline in productive capacity of the land.

Though all degraded land may not be wasteland, but unchecked process of degradation may lead to the conversion to wasteland.

There are two processes that induce land degradation. These are natural and created by human beings. National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) has classified wastelands by using remote sensing techniques and it is possible to categorise these wastelands according to the processes that have created them. There are a few types of wastelands such as gullied/ravinous land, desertic or coastal sands, barren rocky areas, steep sloping land, and glacial areas, which are primarily caused by natural agents. There are other types of degraded lands such as waterlogged and marshy areas, land affected by salinity and alkalinity and land with or without scrub, which have largely been caused by natural as well as human factors. There are some other types of wastelands such as degraded shifting cultivation area, degraded land under plantation crops, degraded forests, degraded pastures, and mining and industrial wastelands, that are caused by human action.

On the given political outline map of the World , seven geographical features have been marked as A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Identify any five with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them :

On the given political outline map of India (on page 27), locate and label any five of the following seven geographical features with appropriate symbols :

Match Column I with Column II and choose the correct option:

Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option:

Assertion (A) : Countries need to be cautious about dumped goods under free trade.

Reason (R) : Dumping of goods can harm the domestic producers.

Choose the correct option to fill in the blank:

The groundwater utilization is very high in _______. If the present trend of groundwater utilization continues, it would be very difficult to meet the water needs.

Read the programmes related to the proposed Bharatmala umbrella scheme carefully and choose the correct option:

I. Backward areas, religious and tourist places connectivity programme

II. To interconnect the four metropolitan cities of the country

III. To develop State roads in adjoining coastal areas

IV. To connect non-major ports in coastal states

'Swachh Bharat Mission' has been launched by which one of the following?

In comparison to 1950-51, which of the following categories has decreased the most in 2014-15?

In comparison to 1950-51, which one of the following categories has the highest difference of increase in 2014-15?

Which one of the following is the percentage change of land reporting between 1950-51 and 2014-15?

Which of the following is an example of barren and unculturable wasteland ?

If any land remains uncultivated for more than five years, then it falls in which of the following categories ?

Which of the following departments maintains the record of land-use in India ?

How has the use of technology helped people to overcome nature's obstacles? Analyse

The ways to measure human development are constantly being refined. Support the statement with suitable arguments.

"Equity refers to making equal access to opportunities available to everybody." Support the statement with suitable arguments.

"Nuclear power has emerged as a viable source in recent years." Examine the statement with suitable arguments in the context of India.

Describe any five features of 'plantation agriculture' in the world.