geography/
previous-year-question-paper-2023-set-5

QUESTION PAPER

2023 BOARD EXAM

CBSE CLASS 12-HUMANITIES GEOGRAPHY Board Paper 2023 — Set 5

2023

GEOGRAPHY

CLASS 12-HUMANITIES

CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2023 GEOGRAPHY

CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2023

GEOGRAPHY

(Solved)

Time allowed : 3 hours

Maximum Marks : 70

General Instructions :

Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :

  1. This question paper contains 34 questions. All questions are compulsory.
  2. This question paper is divided into 4 sections.
  3. Section A – questions number 1 to 4 are case based questions
  4. Section B – questions number 5 to 21 are multiple choice questions
  5. Section C – questions number 22 to 27 are short answer
  6. Section D – questions number 28 to 34 are long answer
  7. There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions.
  8. Use of calculator is NOT allowed.

Section A

Question 1.

Read the given source and answer the questions that follow:

We use many items in our daily life. From toothpaste to our bed tea,

milk, clothes, soaps, food items, etc., are required everyday. All these can

be purchased from the market. Have you ever thought as to how these

items are brought from the site of production ? All the production is meant

for consumption. From the fields and factory, the produce is brought to

the place from where consumers purchase it. It is the transportation of

these items from the site of their production to the market which make

them available to the consumer.

We not only use material things, like fruits, vegetables, books,

clothes, etc., but also use ideas, views and messages in our daily life. Do

you know we exchange our views, ideas and messages from one place to

another or one individual to another while communicating with the help

of various means ?

The use of transport and communication depends upon our need to

move things from place of their availability to the place of their use.

Human beings use various methods to move goods, commodities, ideas

from one place to another.

(1) Explain the utility of transportation.

[1 Marks]

(2) Define the term ‘Communication’.

[1 Marks]

(3) Differentiate between transport and communication.

[1 Marks]
Question 2.

Study the given figure carefully and answer the questions that follow:

(1) Name the highest populous country.

[1 Marks]

(2) How many total countries of Asia continent are shown in the figure?

[1 Marks]

(3) How do landforms affect the density of population in Asia?

[1 Marks]

(4)

Explain the climate as the main factor affecting distribution of

population.

[1 Marks]

(5)

Which continent has the highest population ?

[1 Marks]

(6)

Which region has the least population ?

[1 Marks]
Question 3.

On the given political outline map of the world seven geographical features have been marked as A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Identify any five and name them on the lines marked near them.

(1)

An International Airport in Asia.

[1 Marks]

(2)

A canal linking Red sea with Mediterranean sea.

[1 Marks]

(3)

A terminal station on the Trans-Australian Railway.

[1 Marks]

(4)

A major area of extensive commercial grain farming.

[1 Marks]

(5)

A major area of nomadic herding in Africa.

[1 Marks]

(6)

International airport of Europe.

[1 Marks]

(7)

Name the major sea port of Canada along its west coast.

[1 Marks]

(8)

Which canal links Red sea with Mediterranean Sea ?

[1 Marks]

(9)

Mention either of the terminal stations on the Trans-Australian

Railway.

[1 Marks]

(10)

A major seaport in North America.

[1 Marks]

(11)

Name any one International airport of Great Britain.

[1 Marks]

(12)

Mention the major nomadic herding region of South Africa.

[1 Marks]

(13)

Name any one major area of extensive commercial grain farming.

[1 Marks]

(14)

Name the international airport of Yemen.

[1 Marks]
Question 4.

On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any five of the following :

(1)

A state with highest level of population density.

[1 Marks]

(2)

A state leading in the production of jute.

[1 Marks]

(3)

A state with highest level of urbanisation.

[1 Marks]

(4)

Koraput-bauxite mines.

[1 Marks]

(5)

Jharia coal mines.

[1 Marks]

(6)

Mangaluru seaport.

[1 Marks]

(7)

Name international airport located in Punjab.

[1 Marks]

(8)

In which state Koraput-bauxite mines are located ?

[1 Marks]

(9)

Along which coast of India, Mangaluru seaport is located ?

[1 Marks]

(10)

Mention the state where Jharia coal mines are located.

[1 Marks]

(11)

An international airport in Punjab.

[1 Marks]

(12)

Name the state with highest level of population density.

[1 Marks]

(13)

Which state is leading in the production of jute ?

[1 Marks]

(14)

Which is the state of the highest level of urbanisation ?

[1 Marks]

Section B

Question 5. Who, among the following economists created the Human Development Index in the year 1990?
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Prof. Amartya Sen
  • (B) Dr. Manmohan Singh
  • (C) Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq
  • (D) Ellen C. Semple
Question 6.

Which one of the following approaches was initially proposed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO)?

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Capability Approach
  • (B) Income Approach
  • (C) Basic Needs Approach
  • (D) Welfare Approach
Question 7. Which of the following is NOT a key area in human development?
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Access to resources
  • (B) Long and healthy life
  • (C) Education
  • (D) Economic disadvantage
Question 8. In a developed economy, the majority of workers get employment in which of the following sectors of economy?
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Secondary sector
  • (B) Quaternary sector
  • (C) Primary sector
  • (D) Tertiary sector
Question 9. Which one of the following activities is related to quaternary activities?
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Fishing
  • (B) Production of information
  • (C) Trading
  • (D) Tourism
Question 10. Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of retail trading?
[1 Marks]
  • (A) It is concerned with the sale of goods directly to the consumers.
  • (B) Most of the retail trading takes place in fixed establishments.
  • (C) Retail trading constitutes bulk business through numerous intermediary merchants and supply houses.
  • (D) Most of the retail stores procure their supplies from intermediate stores.
Question 11. Modern manufacturing is NOT characterised by which one of the following?
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Vast capital
  • (B) A complex machine technology
  • (C) Small organisations
  • (D) Executive bureaucracy
Question 12.

Identify the feature of mixed farming from the following :

[1 Marks]
  • (A) It was introduced by the Europeans in colonies.
  • (B) The regions where farmers specialised in vegetables only.
  • (C) Equal emphasis is laid on crop cultivation and animal husbandry.
  • (D) It is most advanced and efficient type of rearing milch animals.
Question 13.

Which of the following is an example of an ‘educational town’ ?

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Delhi
  • (B) Surat
  • (C) Pilani
  • (D) Jaipur
Question 14.

Which one of the following is NOT true about Bharmaur tribal region ?

[1 Marks]
  • (A) It is not a notified tribal area.
  • (B) The tribals practise transhumance.
  • (C) This region comprises of Bharmaur and Holi tehsil of Chamba
  • (D) It is mainly inhabited by Gaddi tribal community.
Question 15.

Which of the following statement is NOT true regarding Indira Gandhi

Canal ?

[1 Marks]
  • (A) It was previously known as Rajasthan canal.
  • (B) It originates at Harika barrage in Punjab.
  • (C) Rajasthan is least benefitted by this canal.
  • (D) The canal runs almost parallel to Pakistan border.
Question 16.

Which of the following commission replaced ‘Planning Commission’ ?

[1 Marks]
  • (A) NITI Aayog
  • (B) Law Commission
  • (C) Election Commission
  • (D) Education Commission
Question 17.

Choose the correct pair from the following :

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Industrial town - Vishakhapatnam
  • (B) Commercial town - Bhilai
  • (C) Transport town - Satna
  • (D) Administrative town — Bhopal
Question 18.

Match the Column I with Column II and choose the correct option :

Column I Column II

i. Clustered a. Isolated settlement

ii. Semi-clustered b. Units are locally known as Panna, Para, Palli ete.

iii. Hamleted c. Fragmented settlement

iv. Dispersed d. Closely built up region

[1 Marks]
  • (A) i-b, ii-a, iii-c, iv-d
  • (B) i-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d
  • (C) i-c, ii-b, iii-a, iv-d
  • (D) i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a
Question 19.

A Case Study

Jhabua district is located in the westernmost agro-climatic zone in

Madhya Pradesh. It is, in fact, one of the five most backward districts of

the country. It is characterized by high concentration of tribal population

(mostly Bhils). The people suffer due to poverty which has been

accentuated by the high rate of resource degradation, both forest and

land. The watershed management programmes funded by both the

Ministries of “Rural Development” and “Agriculture”, Government of

India, have been successfully implemented in Jhabua district which has

gone a long way in preventing land degradation and improving soil

quality. Watershed Management Programmes acknowledge the linkage

between land, water and vegetation and attempts to improve livelihoods

of people through natural resource management and community

participation. In the past five years the programmes funded by the

Ministry of Rural Development alone (implemented by Rajiv Gandhi

Mission for Watershed Management) has treated 20 percent of the total

area under Jhabua district.

The Petlawad Development block of Jhabua is located in the northernmost

part of the district and represents an interesting and successful case of

Government-NGO partnership and community participation in managing

watershed programmes. The Bhils in Petlawad Development block, for

example, (Sat Rundi hamlet of Karravat village) through their own

efforts, have revitalized large parts of common property resources. Each

household planted and maintained one tree on the common property.

They also have planted fodder grass on the pasture land and adopted

social-fencing of these lands for at least two years. Even after that, they

say, there would be no open grazing on these lands, but stall feeding of

cattle, and they are thus confident that the pastures they have developed

would sustain their cattle in future.

An interesting aspect of this experience is that before the community

embarked upon the process of management of the pasture, there was

encroachment on this land by a villager from an adjoining village. The

villagers called the tehsildar to ascertain the rights of the common land.

The ensuing conflict was tackled by the villagers by offering to make the

defaulter encroaching on the CPR a member of their user group and

sharing the benefits of greening the common lands / pastures.

Q. Why did the people of Jhabua tribal community suffer from poverty ?

Choose the option which is NOT correct.

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Land degradation
  • (B) Illiteracy
  • (C) Implementation of watershed management
  • (D) High rate of forests degradation
Question 20.

A Case Study

Jhabua district is located in the westernmost agro-climatic zone in

Madhya Pradesh. It is, in fact, one of the five most backward districts of

the country. It is characterized by high concentration of tribal population

(mostly Bhils). The people suffer due to poverty which has been

accentuated by the high rate of resource degradation, both forest and

land. The watershed management programmes funded by both the

Ministries of “Rural Development” and “Agriculture”, Government of

India, have been successfully implemented in Jhabua district which has

gone a long way in preventing land degradation and improving soil

quality. Watershed Management Programmes acknowledge the linkage

between land, water and vegetation and attempts to improve livelihoods

of people through natural resource management and community

participation. In the past five years the programmes funded by the

Ministry of Rural Development alone (implemented by Rajiv Gandhi

Mission for Watershed Management) has treated 20 percent of the total

area under Jhabua district.

The Petlawad Development block of Jhabua is located in the northernmost

part of the district and represents an interesting and successful case of

Government-NGO partnership and community participation in managing

watershed programmes. The Bhils in Petlawad Development block, for

example, (Sat Rundi hamlet of Karravat village) through their own

efforts, have revitalized large parts of common property resources. Each

household planted and maintained one tree on the common property.

They also have planted fodder grass on the pasture land and adopted

social-fencing of these lands for at least two years. Even after that, they

say, there would be no open grazing on these lands, but stall feeding of

cattle, and they are thus confident that the pastures they have developed

would sustain their cattle in future.

An interesting aspect of this experience is that before the community

embarked upon the process of management of the pasture, there was

encroachment on this land by a villager from an adjoining village. The

villagers called the tehsildar to ascertain the rights of the common land.

The ensuing conflict was tackled by the villagers by offering to make the

defaulter encroaching on the CPR a member of their user group and

sharing the benefits of greening the common lands / pastures.

Q. How did people manage to develop pasture lands ? Choose the correct

option.

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Pastures were common property resources, hence they developed it.
  • (B) Use of barbed wire to protect pastures.
  • (C) Govt. officials did not interfere in any work of the villagers.
  • (D) Pasture lands were not under any encroachment.
Question 21.

A Case Study

Jhabua district is located in the westernmost agro-climatic zone in Madhya Pradesh. It is, in fact, one of the five most backward districts of the country. It is characterized by high concentration of tribal population

(mostly Bhils). The people suffer due to poverty which has been accentuated by the high rate of resource degradation, both forest and land. The watershed management programmes funded by both the

Ministries of “Rural Development” and “Agriculture”, Government of India, have been successfully implemented in Jhabua district which has gone a long way in preventing land degradation and improving soil quality. Watershed Management Programmes acknowledge the linkage between land, water and vegetation and attempts to improve livelihoods of people through natural resource management and community participation. In the past five years the programmes funded by the

Ministry of Rural Development alone (implemented by Rajiv Gandhi Mission for Watershed Management) has treated 20 percent of the total area under Jhabua district. The Petlawad Development block of Jhabua is located in the northernmost part of the district and represents an interesting and successful case of

Government-NGO partnership and community participation in managing watershed programmes. The Bhils in Petlawad Development block, for example, (Sat Rundi hamlet of Karravat village) through their own

efforts, have revitalized large parts of common property resources. Each household planted and maintained one tree on the common property. They also have planted fodder grass on the pasture land and adopted social-fencing of these lands for at least two years. Even after that, they

say, there would be no open grazing on these lands, but stall feeding of cattle, and they are thus confident that the pastures they have developed would sustain their cattle in future. An interesting aspect of this experience is that before the community embarked upon the process of management of the pasture, there was encroachment on this land by a villager from an adjoining village. The villagers called the tehsildar to ascertain the rights of the common land. The ensuing conflict was tackled by the villagers by offering to make the defaulter encroaching on the CPR a member of their user group and sharing the benefits of greening the common lands / pastures.

Q. How did the Bhils, through their own efforts revitalise the common property resources ? Choose the correct option.

[1 Marks]
  • (A) They controlled open grazing on the common property resources.
  • (B) No tree plantation was taken up.
  • (C) They developed water resources.
  • (D) Common land was brought under cultivation.

Section C

Question 22. Human Geography is the study of the changing relationship between the unresting man and unstable earth. Support the statement.
[3 Marks]
Question 23. Technological innovations through research and development strategy are an important aspect of modern manufacturing. Analyze the statement.
[3 Marks]
Question 24. Speedy and efficient system of transport is essential for the development of industries. Analyze the statement.
[3 Marks]
Question 25. Explain how geological structures, mineral resources and climate are the bases of international trade.
[3 Marks]
Question 26. A declining availability of fresh water and increasing demand are the compelling reasons for conservation and effective management of water in India. Justify the statement.
[3 Marks]
Question 27. The Central and State Governments have initiated many watershed development and management programmes in the country. Justify the statement.
[3 Marks]

Section D

Question 28. Analyse the effects of geographical factors on the distribution of world population.
[5 Marks]
Question 29. Analyse the economic and social factors affecting the distribution of population in the world.
[5 Marks]
Question 30. Mention the major problems faced by global road transport in mountainous and hot desert areas.
[5 Marks]
Question 31. Mention the major benefits of rail transport in the world.
[5 Marks]
Question 32. Examine the different aspects of the growth of population in India during 1951-1981 and 1981-2021.
[5 Marks]
Question 33. Examine the significance of sea ports of India in the promotion of India’s foreign trade.
[5 Marks]
Question 34. Explain any five major problems of Indian agriculture.
[5 Marks]

Paper Details

CBSE Board Exam 2023

Class

CLASS 12-HUMANITIES

Subject

GEOGRAPHY

Year

2023

Set

Set 5

Other Years — GEOGRAPHY

2022 Set-1

2022 Set-2

2022 Set-3

2022 Set-4

2022 Set-5

2023 Set-1

2023 Set-2

2023 Set-3

2023 Set-4

2023 Set-5

2024 Set-1

2024 Set-2

2024 Set-3

2024 Set-4

2024 Set-5

2025 Set-1

2025 Set-2

2025 Set-3

2025 Set-4

2025 Set-5

2025 Set-6