CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2022

Read the following source and answer the questions that follow :

The concept of development is dynamic and has evolved during the second half of twentieth century. In the post World War II era, the concept of development was synonymous to economic growth which is measured in terms of temporal increase in Gross National Product (GNP) and per capita income/per capita consumption. But, even the countries having high economic growth, experienced speedy rise in poverty because of its unequal distribution. So, in 1970s, the phrases such as redistribution with growth and growth and equity were incorporated in the definition of development. While dealing with the questions related to redistribution and equity, it was realised that the concept of development cannot be restricted to the economic sphere alone. It also includes the issues such as improving the well-being and living standard of people, availing of the health, education and equality of opportunity and ensuring political and civil rights. By 1980s, development emerged as a concept encapsulating wide-spread improvement in social as well as material well-being of all in a society.

Why is ‘access to market’ essential for setting up industries in the world ? Explain.

“Tertiary activities includes both production and exchange.” Support the statement.

Mention any four features of the ‘South-Western Plateau Region’ mineral belt of India.

Define the term ‘trans-continental railways’. Describe the main characteristics of trans-Siberian railway.