QUESTION PAPER
2026 BOARD EXAM
CBSE Class 12 Humanities Geography Board Paper 2026 — Set 3
2026
Geography
Class 12 Humanities
CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2026
GEOGRAPHY
(Solved)
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
- This question paper contains 31 questions. All questions are compulsory.
- This question paper is divided into 4 sections.
- Section A – questions number 1 to 1 are case based questions
- Section B – questions number 2 to 18 are multiple choice questions
- Section C – questions number 19 to 22 are short answer
- Section D – questions number 23 to 31 are long answer
- There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions.
- Use of calculator is NOT allowed.
Section A
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Water Pollution
Water pollution is a source of various water-borne diseases. The diseases commonly caused due to contaminated water are diarrhoea, intestinal worms, hepatitis, etc. The World Health Organization shows that about one-fourth of the communicable diseases in India are water-borne. Though river pollution is common to all rivers, yet pollution of the river Ganga flowing through one of the most populous regions of India has caused great concerns among all. To improve the condition of the river, National Mission for Clean Ganga was initiated. The Namami Gange Programme has been launched for the same.
(1) Describe the main cause of water pollution.
[1 Mark](2) Mention any two features of the Namami Gange Programme.
[1 Mark](3) Explain the impact of water pollution on human health.
[1 Mark]Section B
Which of the following is one of the main objectives of ‘human development’ ? Choose the most appropriate option.
Which of the following aspects are true regarding the countries with low level of ‘human development’ ? Choose the most appropriate option.
I. These countries are largely facing political turmoil.
II. These countries are facing social instability.
III. The number of countries in the low level category is the largest.
IV. The health status of the people of these countries is poor.
Which one of the following types of ports is categorised on the basis of function ?
Which of the following are the true characteristics of cottage manufacturing ? Choose the most appropriate option.
I. The artisans use local raw materials.
II. The products of these units are supplied at distant markets.
III. Most of the times, the family members work in these units.
IV. The finished products like mats, bricks, pottery, etc. are some important examples.
Which of the following is a product of forest-based industry ?
Which of the following factors are involved in large-scale manufacturing ? Choose the most appropriate option.
I. Variety of raw material
II. Advanced technology
III. Semi-skilled worker
IV. Large investment
Which one of the following is not the base of ‘international trade’ ?
Match Column I with Column II correctly and choose the most appropriate option :
Which of the following set of states have the lowest percentage of urban population ?
Which one of the following set of places are connected by the ‘Atal Tunnel’ ?
Which one of the following organisations constructed the Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur gas pipeline ?
Which one of the following has classified ‘wastelands’ in India ?
Which one of the following countries is ranked the best in Human Development Index ?
Arrange the following countries in descending order of their HDI and choose the correct option.
I. Mauritius
II. Singapore
III. Sweden
IV. Venezuela
Which continent has the highest number of countries in the given table ?
Section C
Explain the concept of ‘neo-determinism’
“The adolescent people of India have high potential but they are quite vulnerable.” Explain the statement.
“The Indian government formulated the National Policy for Skill Development.” Explain the need for the policy.
Explain the characteristics of clustered rural settlements in India.
Section D
“Quaternary activities are based on specialised knowledge and skill.” Justify the statement by giving suitable arguments.
“Roads play a vital role in trade and commerce of a country across the world.” Support the statement with examples.
“Railways are a mode of land transport for bulky goods and passengers over long distances in the world.” Support the statement with examples.
‘‘Metro rail has revolutionised the urban transport system in India.’’ Support the statement with examples.
‘‘Among all the personal communication systems, Internet is the most effective and advanced one in India.’’ Support the statement with examples.
Examine the agricultural development in India since independence.
Examine the various problems of Indian agriculture.
“Non-conventional energy sources are equitably distributed in India.” Justify the statement with suitable arguments.
“The conventional sources of energy need to be replaced due to their exhaustibility.” Justify the statement with suitable arguments.
Other Years — Geography