CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2023

Market for Goods

One way in which new consumers are created is through advertisements. As you know, advertisements make products appear desirable and necessary. They try to shape the minds of people and create new needs. Today we live in a world where advertisements surround us. They appear in newspapers, magazines, hoardings, street walls, television screens. But if we look back into history, we find that from the very beginning of the industrial age, advertisements have played a part in expanding the markets for products, and in shaping a new consumer culture. When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels on the cloth bundles. The label was needed to make the place of manufacture and the name of the company familiar to the buyer. The label was also to be a mark of quality. When buyers saw ‘MADE IN MANCHESTER’ written in bold on the label, they were expected to feel confident about buying the cloth.

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES

Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. Every sector of the national economy – agriculture, industry, transport, commercial and domestic – needs inputs of energy. The economic development plans implemented since independence necessarily required increasing amounts of energy to remain operational. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been steadily rising all over the country. In this background, there is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of renewable energy sources are the twin planks of sustainable energy. India is presently one of the least energy efficient countries in the world. We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. For example, as concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport systems instead of individual vehicles; switching off electricity when not in use, using power-saving devices and using non-conventional sources of energy. As a saying goes, 'Energy Saved is energy produced.'

Match the following attributes of allegory of Germania with its significance and choose the correct option:

Who of the following set up the first Iron and Steel industry in India?

Arrange the following in chronological order and choose the correct option:

I. The Breton Woods conference established the International Monetary Fund,

II. The Second World War broke out between Axis and Allied powers,

III. A car manufacturer Henry Ford adopted the Assembly Line Method for production.

IV. The Western economies organised themselves as a group called The Group of 77.

Identify the crop with the help of the following information and choose the correct option.

In which of the following States Tungabhadra Dam is located?

Consider the following statements on Power Sharing and choose the correct option:

I. It deepens democracy.

II. It helps to reduce conflicts among social groups.

III. It is a way to ensure political stability.

IV. It brings socio-economic struggles.

Two statements are given below as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Elections are the spirit of democracy.

Reason (R): Elections expand political participation.

Mention any two features of Plantation agriculture.

Explain any two provisions that make India a secular state.

Imagine that you are the village Head. Suggest any two activities that you think should be taken up to increase the income of the villagers.

How has Information Technology affected Electronic Industry? Explain.

The question of sustainability of development raises many fundamentally new issues about the nature and process of development.' Explain it with examples.

Explain any three functions of Political Party.

Explain any three functions of the Reserve Bank of India.

Explain the role of banks with regard to money which they accept from the public.

Analyse the implications of First World War on the economic and political situation of India.

'Efficient means of transport as a pre-requisite for fast development. Justify the statement.'

'Roadways have an edge over Railways. Justify the statement.'