CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2023

INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT

By the first decade of the 20th century, a series of changes affected the pattern of industrialization in India. As the Swadeshi movement gathered momentum, nationalists raised palaces for boycotts. Industrialists organized themselves to protect their collective interest, pressuring the government to increase tariff protection and grant other concessions. From 1906, moreover, the export of Indian yarn to China declined since produce from Chinese and Japanese mills flooded the Chinese market. So industrialists in India began shifting from yarn to cloth production. Cotton piece goods production in India doubled between 1900 and 1912.

Yet, till the First World War, industrial growth was slow. The war created a dramatically new situation. With British mills busy with war production to meet the needs of the army, Manchester imports into India declined. Suddenly, Indian mills had a vast home market to supply. As the war prolonged, Indian factories were called upon to supply war needs: jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents and leather boots, horse and mule saddles and a host of other items. New factories were set up and old ones made shifts. Many new workers were employed and everyone was made to work long hours. Over the war years industrial production boomed.

COMMUNITY AND CONSERVATION

Conservation strategies have not been new in our country. We often ignore that in India, forests are also home to some of the traditional communities. In some areas of India, local communities are trying to conserve these habitats along with government officials, recognising that only this will secure their own long-term livelihood. In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act. In many areas, villagers themselves are protecting habitats and explicitly rejecting government involvement. The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared 1200 hectares of forest as the Bhairoder Dak ‘Sanctuary’, devising their own set of rules and regulations which do not allow hunting, and are protesting the wild against any outside encroachments.

Match the following and choose the correct option:

Identify the Crop with the help of the following information and choose the correct option.

Which one of the following is the preceding Government Agency of NITI Aayog?

Assume there are four families in a locality. If the income of each family is ₹6,000, ₹ 4,000, ₹7,000 and 3,000 then find out the average income of the locality from the following options:

Which one of the following is a major benefit to a local company which goes for joint production with an MNC?

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Which one of the following is an activity of the unorganized sector?

Who among the following takes the decision regarding saving and loan activities in the Self Help Groups (SHGs)?

Consider the following statements on Power sharing and choose the correct option.

I. Imposing the will of majority community over others.

II. It helps in reducing the possibility of conflict between the social groups.

III. Power sharing is a good way to ensure the stability of political order.

IV. It brings socio-political opposition among parties.

Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option.

Assertion (A) Political Parties are important in the functioning of democracy.

Reason (R) The media plays an important role in the making of Political Parties.

Which one of the following countries have One Party System?

Read the following statements and choose the correct option:

I. There is no official religion in India.

II. Communities have freedom to profess and practice their religion.

III. State helps communities by giving aid to educational institutions run by them.

IV. India believes in theocracy.

Which one of the following countries has the highest representation of women in their National Parliament?

How did the 'Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognize Greece as an independent nation? Explain.

Explain any two efforts taken by the Government of India to modernise agriculture.

Explain any two features of Rabi cropping season.

Explain the role of Election Commission regarding recognition of Political Parties in India.

How to create more employment in rural areas? Explain with examples.

How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced? Explain with examples.