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previous-year-question-paper-2025-set-2

QUESTION PAPER

2025 BOARD EXAM

CBSE CLASS 10 SCIENCE Board Paper 2025 — Set 2

2025

SCIENCE

CLASS 10

CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2025 SCIENCE

CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2025

SCIENCE

(Solved)

Time allowed : 3 hours

Maximum Marks : 57

General Instructions :

Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :

  1. This question paper contains 31 questions. All questions are compulsory.
  2. This question paper is divided into 5 sections.
  3. Section A – questions number 1 to 2 are case based questions
  4. Section B – questions number 3 to 17 are multiple choice questions
  5. Section C – questions number 18 to 23 are very short answer
  6. Section D – questions number 24 to 28 are short answer
  7. Section E – questions number 29 to 31 are long answer
  8. There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions.
  9. Use of calculator is NOT allowed.

Section A

Question 1. When a girl is born, the ovaries already contain thousands of immature eggs. On reaching puberty, some of these start maturing. One matured egg is released every month by one of the ovaries. The two oviducts unite into an elastic bag-like structure known as the uterus.

(1) How does the uterus prepare itself to receive and nurture the growing embryo? Explain.

[1 Marks]

(2) Write the site of fertilization in human female.

[1 Marks]

(3) What happens when the egg is not fertilized?

[2 Marks]

(4)

How does the developing embryo get nutrition from the mother’s blood ? Explain.

[2 Marks]
Question 2.

A person allowed a narrow beam of white light from the sun to enter a dark room through a small aperture and placed a glass prism in its path in such a manner that the beam falls on the face AB of the prism as shown in the figure.

A screen S is placed on the other side of the prism, facing AC. On turning the prism slowly, a beautiful band of colours is obtained on the screen. It is the spectrum of sunlight.

(1) State the reason for getting a band of seven colours in the above case.

[1 Marks]

(2) Name the phenomenon due to which a prism splits the incident white light into a band of colours.

[1 Marks]

(3) Explain with the help of a labelled ray diagram, an experimental arrangement to show the recombination of the spectrum of white light.

[2 Marks]

(4)

Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the formation of a rainbow.

[2 Marks]

Section B

Question 3.

The correct balanced chemical equation showing exothermic reaction in which natural gas burns in air is:

[1 Marks]
  • (A) CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
  • (B) CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O + Energy
  • (C) CH₄ + 2O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O + Energy
  • (D) CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
Question 4.

The warning sign shown in the given figure must invariably be displayed/pasted on the containers which contain hydroxide of:

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Sodium
  • (B) Calcium
  • (C) Magnesium
  • (D) Aluminium
Question 5. The body of human beings works within the pH range of:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) 6.1 to 6.8
  • (B) 6.5 to 7.3
  • (C) 7.5 to 8.1
  • (D) 7.0 to 7.8
Question 6. Aluminium powder is used in thermit welding because:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Its reaction with iron is highly exothermic.
  • (B) When it is heated with iron (III) oxide, molten iron is obtained.
  • (C) Its melting point is low as compared to iron and a molten alloy of iron and aluminium is formed on heating which is used to join railway tracks.
  • (D) When it is heated with iron (III) oxide, molten aluminium oxide is obtained to join railway tracks.
Question 7.

Two metals zinc and tin are dissolved separately in definite proportions in molten copper (the primary metal) to obtain two different alloys respectively known as:

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Brass and Solder
  • (B) Bronze and Brass
  • (C) Solder and Bronze
  • (D) Brass and Bronze
Question 8. One-cell thick blood vessels are known as:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Alveoli
  • (B) Capillaries
  • (C) Veins
  • (D) Arteries
Question 9. Bryophyllum produces new plant through:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Apical buds formed on the tip of the plant
  • (B) Vegetative buds produced in the notches of the leaf
  • (C) Fruits formed on the branches of the plant
  • (D) Flowers produced in the notches of the branches
Question 10. The number of chromosomes in a cell division is halved. This kind of cell division is observed in:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) Only testis
  • (B) Only ovary
  • (C) Ovary and testis both
  • (D) All cells of the body
Question 11.

If the absolute refractive indices of two media X and Y are 6⁄5 and 4⁄3 respectively, then the refractive index of Y with respect to X will be:

[1 Marks]
  • (A) 10/9
  • (B) 9/8
  • (C) 8/9
  • (D) 9/10
Question 12. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from the pole of a concave mirror. If its real and inverted image is formed at 60 cm in front of the mirror, the focal length of the mirror is:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) -15 cm
  • (B) -20 cm
  • (C) +15 cm
  • (D) +20 cm
Question 13.

In the given figure the angle of incidence and the angle of deviation respectively are:

[1 Marks]
  • (A) 1 and 6
  • (B) 7 and 4
  • (C) 7 and 6
  • (D) 1 and 5
Question 14. An electric bulb is connected to a power supply of 220 V. If the current drawn by the bulb from the supply is 500 mA, the power of the bulb is:
[1 Marks]
  • (A) 110 W
  • (B) 11 W
  • (C) 1100 W
  • (D) 220 W
Question 15.

Identify from the following a group containing all non-biodegradable substances:

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Leather, Silk, Wool
  • (B) DDT, Polyester, Glass
  • (C) Cotton, Wood, Nylon
  • (D) Leather, Glass, Plastic
Question 16.

Assertion (A): Nichrome is an alloy which is commonly used in electrical heating devices such as electric irons, toasters, etc.

Reason (R): The resistivity of nichrome is high and its resistance decreases with increase in temperature.

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
  • (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
  • (C) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
  • (D) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Question 17.

Assertion (A): Animals will not get energy if they eat (consume) coal as food.

Reason (R): Specific enzymes are needed for the breakdown of a particular food.

[1 Marks]
  • (A) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
  • (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
  • (C) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
  • (D) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Section C

Question 18. Name the parts of hind-brain of the human brain. Which part of the hind-brain controls involuntary actions such as blood pressure and salivation?
[2 Marks]
Question 19.

Write one function each of the following, in a seed:

(i) Seed coat

(ii) Cotyledon

(iii) Radicle

(iv) Plumule

[2 Marks]
Question 20.

Out of the two lenses, one concave and the other convex, state which one will diverge a parallel beam of light falling on it. Draw a ray diagram to show the principal focus of the lens.

[2 Marks]
Question 21. An electric kettle is rated 750 W; 220 V. Can this kettle be used in a circuit which has a fuse of current rating 3 A? Give reason for your answer.
[2 Marks]
Question 22.

Write the main steps to culture yeast in the laboratory.

[2 Marks]
Question 23.

A ray of light after refraction from a convex lens emerges parallel to its principal axis.

(i) Draw a labelled ray diagram to show it.

(ii) In this case, the incident ray before refraction from the lens passes through a point on its principal axis. Name the point.

[2 Marks]

Section D

Question 24.

Write the electron-dot structures of (i) sodium, and (ii) oxygen. Using these structures, show the formation of sodium oxide. Mark the anion and cation present in this compound.

(At. No. – Sodium = 11 and Oxygen = 8)

[3 Marks]
Question 25.

(a) Define hormone.

(b) “Hormones should be secreted in precise quantities. We have a feedback mechanism through which this is done.” With the help of an example justify the statement.

[3 Marks]
Question 26.

The lowest part of the ear called earlobe, is closely attached to the side of the head in some of us (Figure ‘X’), and not in others, called free earlobe (Figure ‘Y’). Attached and free earlobes are two variants found in human populations. The gene for free earlobe is dominant over attached earlobes.

(a) A man with attached earlobes marries a woman having free earlobes. 50% of their children have free earlobes and 50% have attached earlobes. Explain the inheritance of this trait and write the trait combinations of the progeny.

(b) Write the gene combinations of the father and the mother in the above case.

[3 Marks]
Question 27. A convex lens forms an 8.0 cm long image of a 2.0 cm long object which is kept at a distance of 6.0 cm from the optical center of the lens. If the object and image are on the same side of the lens, find (i) the nature of the image, (ii) the position of the image, and (iii) the focal length of the lens.
[3 Marks]
Question 28. Write the essential function performed by ozone at the higher levels of the atmosphere. How is it formed in the upper atmosphere? Write the name of the group of chemicals mainly responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer.
[3 Marks]

Section E

Question 29.

(i) “The length of the small intestine in various animals depends on the food they eat.” Justify the statement.

(ii) Discuss the role of the pancreas and bile juice in the digestion of food in human beings.

(iii) How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food ?

[5 Marks]
Question 30.

(i) State the role of rings of cartilage present in the throat.

(ii) Discuss the role of the ribs and diaphragm when air is taken in during the breathing cycle.

(iii) Why do we get muscle cramps during heavy exercise ? Explain.

[5 Marks]
Question 31.

(i) Define the term solenoid. Draw the pattern of the magnetic field lines in and around a current carrying straight solenoid. Mark on the pattern the (i) direction of current, (ii) direction of field lines near the ends of the solenoid, and (iii) region where the magnetic field is uniform.

(ii) How would you make an electromagnet using a current carrying solenoid ?

[5 Marks]

Paper Details

CBSE Board Exam 2025

Class

CLASS 10

Subject

SCIENCE

Year

2025

Set

Set 2

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2024 Set-2

2024 Set-3

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