SOLUTIONS
2023 BOARD EXAM
CBSE CLASS 12-PCM CHEMISTRY Board Paper 2023 — Set 4
2023
CHEMISTRY
CLASS 12-PCM
CBSE EXAMINATION PAPER-2023
CHEMISTRY
(Solved)
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
- This question paper contains 18 questions. All questions are compulsory.
- This question paper is divided into 3 sections.
- Section A – questions number 1 to 1 are case based questions
- Section B – questions number 2 to 16 are multiple choice questions
- Section C – questions number 17 to 18 are very short answer
- There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions.
- Use of calculator is NOT allowed.
Section A
Section B
A compound undergoes complete tetramerization in a given organic solvent. The van'ts Hoff factor 'i' is:
The correct option is 4.0. Tetramerization refers to the process of forming a tetramer, which consists of four identical monomer units. Therefore, if the compound undergoes complete tetramerization, we can infer that it results in four times the amount of the original compound, leading to a value of 4.0.
Which of the following structures represents -D-glucose ?
The ions of metals of Group 12 (Zn, Cd and Hg) have completely filled d orbitals and so they:
The correct answer is 'do not behave like transition metals'. This is because zinc, cadmium, and mercury have a full d10 configuration in their ground state and common oxidation states, meaning they do not possess incomplete d orbitals as defined by IUPAC for transition metals. Therefore, these elements are not regarded as transition metals despite being located at the end of the transition series.
[Co(NH₃)₅NO₃]SO₄ and [Co(NH₃)₅SO₄]NO₃ exhibit:
The correct answer is ionization isomerism. This is because these two complexes have the same formula but differ in the arrangement of their ions, where one of the counter ions can potentially act as a ligand. This is a classic example of ionization isomerism, wherein the counter ion (NO₃⁻ or SO₄²⁻) can displace a ligand in the coordination sphere.
Reaction of 1-phenyl-2-chloropropane with alcoholic KOH gives mainly:
The correct answer is 1-phenylpropene. The reaction of 1-phenyl-2-chloropropane with alcoholic KOH leads to elimination reactions, resulting in the formation of alkenes. The predominant product is 1-phenylpropene due to the elimination of HCl and the formation of a more stable alkene. The context suggests that the elimination pathway, favored by the use of alcoholic KOH, leads to alkenes rather than alcohols.
The reduction of ethanenitrile with sodium and alcohol gives:
The correct option is 1-aminoethane. When ethanenitrile (which is an nitrile) is reduced with sodium in alcohol, it undergoes a process that converts the nitrile group (-C≡N) into an amine group (-NH2), resulting in the formation of 1-aminoethane.
How many Faradays are required to reduce 1 mol of MnO₄⁻ to Mn²⁺ ?
In a reaction, the initial concentration of the reactants increases four fold and the rate becomes sixteen times its initial value. The order of the reaction is:
On hydrolysis, which of the following carbohydrates gives only glucose?
Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules. Upon hydrolysis, it breaks down into two glucose units, thus giving only glucose. Sucrose and lactose, on the other hand, yield other monosaccharides (fructose from sucrose and galactose from lactose) upon hydrolysis.
Deficiency of which of the following vitamins causes Pernicious anaemia?
The correct answer is Vitamin B₁₂. According to the provided context, Vitamin B₁₂, also known as cyanocobalamine, is referred to as the anti-pernicious anaemia factor. This indicates that a deficiency in Vitamin B₁₂ is specifically linked to the development of pernicious anaemia.
This reaction is known as:
In which of the following does the central atom exhibit an oxidation state of +3?
[Fe(C₂O₄)₃]³⁻ is the correct option because in this complex, iron (Fe) is bonded to three oxalate (C₂O₄) ions. Since the overall charge of the complex is -3 and each oxalate ion has a -2 charge, the oxidation state of iron must be +3 to balance the charges (3 * -2 + +3 = -3). This aligns with the context, which explains that in complexes like [Co(NH3)6]3+, the central metal is in a +3 oxidation state.
Assertion (A) : When NaCl is added to water, a depression in freezing point is observed.
Reason (R) : The lowering of vapour pressure of a solution causes depression in the freezing point.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A). When NaCl is dissolved in water, it lowers the vapour pressure of the solution, leading to a depression in the freezing point as outlined in the context regarding the effects of solute on the physical properties of the solvent.
Assertion (A) : Zr and Hf have almost identical radii.
Reason (R) : Both Zr and Hf exhibit similar properties.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A). The context indicates that Zr and Hf have very similar radii (160 pm and 159 pm respectively) due to lanthanoid contraction, which indeed contributes to their similar physical and chemical properties, validating the relationship between their radii and properties.
Assertion (A) : Monobromination of aniline can be conveniently done by protecting the amino group by acetylation.
Reason (R) : Acetylation decreases the activating effect of the amino group.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). Acetylation of aniline indeed protects the amino group, making it less reactive towards electrophilic substitution, thus facilitating monobromination at the aromatic ring.
Section C
What type of deviation from Raoult's Law is shown by a mixture of ethanol and acetone ? Give reason.
This happens because in pure ethanol, molecules are hydrogen bonded strongly. When acetone is added, its molecules insert themselves between ethanol molecules and break some hydrogen bonds. This reduces the intermolecular attraction in the mixture, resulting in higher vapor pressure than expected. Hence, the mixture shows positive deviation from Raoult's Law.
Define Azeotrope. What type of azeotrope is formed by negative deviation from Raoult's law? give an example .
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